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七十年代末以来,淮北冬闲地油菜发展很快.但由于季节晚、地力薄以及冻害等原因,单产一直很低,1980年平均亩产仅85斤.但是也有的地方产量比较高,如同年阜南县的15万亩油菜平均每亩达131斤,并有不少田块单产超过300斤,这就说明了在淮北冬闲地种油菜,增产潜力是很大的.为了探索冬闲地油菜高产生育规律和增产途径,从1980年起,我们进行了淮北冬闲地油菜亩产300斤以上动态指标和栽培措施的研究.在统一试验设计和措施方案的指导下,前后共有十四个地、县农科所和农业局参加,并坚持边研究边推广,通过多方协作,促进了油菜生产的发展,四年累计单产超过300斤以上的面积已达50万亩左右,取得了较大的经济效益,同时也证明试验结果在大面积生产上具有重演性,动态指标基本吻合,栽培措施切实可行.经过四年试验研究,现将初步结果总结如下:
Since the late 1970s, the rapeseed in the fallow areas of Huaibei has been developing rapidly, but yields have been very low due to late seasons, thin land cover and frost damage, with an average yield of 85 kg per mu in 1980. However, in some areas, the yield is relatively high, Funan County, 15 acres of rapeseed an average of 131 pounds per mu, and many plots yield more than 300 pounds, which shows that the Huaibei winter fallow rapeseed yield potential is great.In order to explore winter fallow rapeseed yield Fertility and yield increase, we studied the dynamic indexes and cultivation measures of more than 300 kg per mu in rapeseed in Huaibei winter fallow area since 1980. Under the guidance of unified experimental design and measures, a total of 14 prefectures and counties Agricultural Science Institute and Agricultural Bureau, and insisted on the promotion of research while promoting the development of rapeseed production through multi-lateral cooperation. The accumulated area of more than 300 kg in four years has reached about 500,000 mu, and has achieved great economic benefits , But also proved that the test results in the large-scale production has repeated, the dynamic indicators are basically consistent, cultivation measures feasible.After four years of experimental study, the preliminary results are summarized as follows: