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为探讨甜高粱茎秆含糖量相关数量性状的遗传基础,以粒用高粱品系LR625(P1)和甜高粱品系Rio(P2)为亲本杂交构建的一组包含4个世代的遗传群体(P1、P2、F1、F2:3),采用数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型,对茎秆含糖量(混合锤度)、出汁率和茎秆鲜重性状进行了遗传分析。结果表明:茎秆含糖量符合E-1模型,性状是由两对主基因+多基因遗传模型控制的,主基因作用方式包括加性、显性和上位性3种效应。其中多基因效应高于主基因效应,遗传率分别为48.89%和39.52%。环境效应较小,占总表型方差的11.59%;出汁率性状符合B-5模型,即性状表现受2对主基因遗传控制,基因作用方式为完全显性作用。遗传力决定了出汁率表型变异的75.3%,环境因素影响24.7%,该性状的表现受遗传因素和环境因素共同影响;茎秆鲜重符合E-2模型即两对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性多基因遗传模型,无上位性效应,性状的主基因效应大于多基因效应,主基因遗传率为58.85%,多基因遗传率为17.63%,环境因素影响占23.52%。
In order to explore the genetic basis of quantitative traits related to the sugar content of sweet sorghum stalks, a 4-generation genetic population (P1, F2) was constructed from the parents of sorghum line LR625 (P1) and sweet sorghum line Rio (P2) P2, F1 and F2: 3) were used to carry out genetic analysis on the stem sugar content (mixed brix), juice yield and stem fresh weight traits by using the quantitative trait gene + polygene mixed genetic model. The results showed that the stem sugar content was in line with the E-1 model, and the traits were controlled by two major gene plus polygene genetic models. The major gene action modes included additive, dominant and epistatic effects. Among them, the multi-gene effect was higher than the main gene effect, with the heritabilities of 48.89% and 39.52% respectively. The environmental effect was small, accounting for 11.59% of the total variance of the phenotype. The juice yield trait complied with the B-5 model, that is, the trait performance was controlled by two major genes and the gene action mode was completely dominant. Heritability determined 75.3% of the phenotypic variation of the juice yield and 24.7% of the environmental factors, and the performance of the traits was influenced by genetic factors and environmental factors. The fresh weight of the stalks was in line with the E-2 model, ie, two pairs of additive-dominant Gene plus additive-dominance polygenetic model had no epistatic effect. The major gene effect of traits was greater than that of polygenes. The heritability of major genes was 58.85%, polygene heritability was 17.63%, and environmental factors accounted for 23.52%.