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The optimum loading for rotors has previously been found for hover,climb and wind turbine conditions;but,up to now,no one has determined the optimum rotor loading in descent.This could be an important design consideration for rotary-wing parachutes and low-speed descents.In this paper,the optimal loading for a powered rotor in descent is found from momentum theory based on a variational principle.This loading is compared with the optimal loading for a rotor in hover or climb and with the Betz rotor loading(which is optimum for a lightly-loaded rotor).Wake contraction for each of the various loadings is also presented.
The optimum loading for rotors has previously been found for hover, climb and wind turbine conditions; but, up to now, no one has determined the optimum rotor loading in descent. This could be an important design consideration for rotary-wing parachutes and low- speed descents.In this paper, the optimal loading for a powered rotor in descent is found from momentum theory based on a variational principle. This loading is compared with the optimal loading for a rotor in hover or climb and with the Betz rotor loading (which is optimum for a lightly-loaded rotor). Wake contraction for each of the various loadings is also presented.