一、简单历史对人类致病的分枝杆菌,如结核杆菌、麻风杆菌,是众所周知的。实际上,分枝杆菌种类繁多,分布甚广,大多存在于土壤、植物及冷血动物中。有些菌当发生突变时亦能在温血动物的体温条件下繁殖。回顾分枝杆菌研究的历史,最早是从Hansen发现麻风杆菌(1873年)开始的。以后,Koch发现了结核杆菌(1882年),后来又鉴定出副结核杆菌 A simple history of human pathogenic mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Leprosy, is well known. In fact, a wide range of mycobacteria, distributed widely, mostly in soil, plants and cold-blooded animals. Some bacteria in the event of mutations can also breed in warm-blooded animal body temperature. A review of the history of mycobacterial studies first began with the discovery of M. leprae (1873) by Hansen. Later, Koch discovered Mycobacterium tuberculosis (1882) and later identified M. tuberculosis