一、引言节庆是各族人民在长期的生产、生活及改造大自然过程中,以传统宗教祭祀、农事生产、历法等为蓝本,创造而形成的固定时间、地点、活动方式、风俗习惯的社会群体性庆祝活动。节庆风俗的产生和形成过程是一个长期的历史积淀过程,许多现代保存并流行的节庆活动是古代人民社会生活的活化石。节庆活动诞生、形成、发展、演变是一个潜移默化、节奏缓慢的发展过程,渗入历代 I. Introduction Festival is a society where people of all ethnic groups in a long period of their production, living and transforming nature are modeled on traditional religious sacrifices, agricultural production, and calendar, creating a fixed time, place, activity style and customs Group celebrations. The creation and formation of festivals and customs are a long process of historical accumulation. Many modern preserved and popular festivals are the living fossils of the ancient people’s social life. The birth of festivals, formation, development, evolution is a subtle, slow pace of development, into the history