微生物燃料电池是将废水中有机物的化学能转化为电能,在去除污染物的同时将产生的电能回收,实现了能量转化。本文系统介绍了微生物燃料电池的研究进展,在对微生物燃料电池的产电微生物、电极材料、微生物燃料电池的放大、微生物燃料电池的实际应用等方面总结的基础上,指出了微生物燃料电池研究的发展方向,其中筛选改造产电微生物对不同底物的耐受性和适应性、开发廉价高效的电极材料、构造大型微生物燃料电池堆以及微生物电化学物质合成等是未来研究的重点。 Microbial fuel cells convert the chemical energy of organic matter in waste water into electrical energy, recovering the generated electrical energy while removing pollutants, and achieving energy conversion. This paper systematically introduces the research progress of microbial fuel cells. On the basis of summarizing the producing microorganisms, electrode materials, the enlargement of microbial fuel cells, and the practical application of microbial fuel cells in microbial fuel cells, the microbial fuel cells Development and orientation. Among them, it is the focus of future study to screen the tolerance and adaptability of power generation microbes to different substrates, to develop cheap and efficient electrode materials, to construct large-scale microbial fuel cell stack and to synthesize microbial electrochemical materials.