我国石油供不应求的矛盾日益突出。这些年虽然石油产量不断增加,但仍然满足不了国民经济迅速发展的需要。从储量上看资源是有限的,而未来的十几年中我国经济发展对石油的需要量却是巨大的。因此在我国继续贯彻压缩烧油、以煤代油政策,是带有战略性的长期任务。 70年代初我国一些大油田相继发现和建成,原油产量增长较快,但由于当时原油的加工和外贸出口没有配套跟上,结果使大量宝贵的原油被当作燃料直接烧掉。1980年达到高峰,全国烧油4000多万吨,占当年石油消费量的一半。按当时国际市场油价计算,同烧煤比较等于一年白白地烧掉50亿美元。为了扭转这种局面,领导同志从我国石油储量较少,煤炭储量丰富的实际情况出发,提出要设法以煤代油。 The contradiction between China’s oil supply and demand has become increasingly prominent. Although the oil output has been increasing in these years, it still can not meet the needs of the rapid development of the national economy. In terms of reserves, resources are limited, and the demand for oil in our country’s economic development in the coming 10 years is huge. Therefore, it is a long-term strategic task to continue to implement the policy of reducing oil burning and replacing coal with coal in our country. In the early 1970s, some large oilfields in China were discovered and completed one after another, with the output of crude oil increasing rapidly. However, due to the lack of facilities for the processing and export of crude oil at that time, many valuable crude oil was burned directly as fuel. Peak reached in 1980, and the national oil consumption reached more than 40 million tons, accounting for half of that year’s oil consumption. Calculated according to the oil price in the international market at that time, the equivalent of burning coal equivalently burned 5 billion U.S. dollars a year. In order to reverse this situation, the leading comrades, starting from the fact that our country has less oil reserves and rich coal reserves, proposed that we should try to replace oil with coal.