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目的 分析2000～2002年上海市道路交通事故伤害(简称车祸)的主要危险因素并利用地理信息系统(GIS)研究车祸的空间分布。方法 在arcview软件中,将上海市各区县的车祸发生次数及死亡例数标记到上海市电子地图上,反映3年间车祸的空间分布,分别计算潜在寿命损失年数(YPLL)、潜在工作寿命损失年数(WYPLL)、潜在价值寿命损失年数(VYPLL)比较相应的疾病负担。结果 2000～2002年上海市共发生各类车祸事故69 669、68 894、47 088起,分别导致1747、1724、1557人死亡;直接经济损失分别为2.1、2.4、3.0亿元,空间分布显示事故发生以市中心为同心圆,呈现中心、外围较低,城乡结合部较高的水平,车祸导致的人均YPLL、WYPLL、VYPLL位于首位,疾病负担最重。结论 中心城区应以控制事故发生为主,周边城郊以控制事故死亡为主要任务;城市车祸对社会和经济的危害日趋严重,应加强车祸的预防和干预措施研究。
Objective To analyze the main risk factors of road traffic accidents in Shanghai from 2000 to 2002 and to study the spatial distribution of car accidents by using the geographic information system (GIS). Methods The arcview software was used to mark the number of car accidents and the number of deaths in all districts and counties in Shanghai on the electronic map of Shanghai and reflect the spatial distribution of car accidents in three years and calculate the number of years of potential life lost (YPLL) and the number of potential working years lost (WYPLL), years of potential value loss of life (VYPLL) to compare the corresponding burden of disease. Results A total of 69 669,688 894 and 47 088 accidents occurred in Shanghai from 2000 to 2002, respectively, causing 1747, 1724 and 1557 deaths respectively. The direct economic losses were 2.124 billion yuan and the spatial distribution showed that the accident The occurrence of the center of the city is concentric, showing the center, lower periphery, the higher level of urban-rural integration, the per capita traffic caused by YPLL, WYPLL, VYPLL in the first place, the most burden of disease. Conclusion The central urban area should be dominated by the control of accidents and the surrounding suburbs with the main task of controlling accidental deaths. The urban traffic accidents are more and more harmful to the society and the economy. Research on prevention and intervention of car accidents should be strengthened.