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学生计算方面的错误,一般是由于有关的概念、算理、法则、性质模糊不清所致。特别容易出现错误的有以下几个方面:一是教材的重点、难点部分,如进位、退位、试商、小数点的处理等;二是教材中容易混淆的地方,如小数加减法同整数加减法有时发生混淆(计算小数加减时,也写成末尾对齐),0和1这两个特殊数的计算,容易发生混淆;三是计算过程复杂的问题,因为计算步骤多,造成计算错误的机会就更多。为了防止这些错误,我们采用了以下几项措施。
The mistakes of students' calculation are usually caused by the unclear concepts, calculations, laws and the nature of the students. Particularly prone to errors in the following areas: First, the textbook focus, difficult part, such as carry, abdicate, trial, decimal point processing; Second, the textbooks easily confused place, such as decimal addition and subtraction with the integer plus Subtraction sometimes confusion (calculate the decimal addition and subtraction, also written at the end of the alignment), 0 and 1 of these two special number of calculations, prone to confusion; Third, the calculation process of complex problems, because the calculation steps, resulting in calculation error Chance more. In order to prevent these errors, we have adopted the following measures.