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目的 探讨成都市主城区大气PM2.5浓度对当地医院门诊就诊量的影响,比较该地区大气PM2.5浓度对人群健康的影响与我国其他地区的异同,为当地雾霾健康影响预警和干预提供科学依据.方法 收集2013年和2014年成都市主城区范围内气象、大气PM2.5浓度监测和医院门诊就诊量数据,采用时间序列分析中的广义可加模型(GAM)建模,在排除长期变化趋势、气象因素和周末效应等混杂因素的影响后,估算成都市主城区大气PM2.5浓度与医院门诊就诊量的关系.结果 成都市主城区大气PM 2.5日均浓度每增加10 μg./m3,综合医院成人呼吸系统当日门诊量增加0.379％ (95％ CI:0.235％～0.523％),儿科当日总门诊量和呼吸系统门诊量分别增加0.368％ (95％ CI:0.310％ ～0.426％)和0.434％(95％CI:0.362％～0.505％).结论 成都市居民健康受大气PM2.5浓度影响,但与我国其他城市有所不同.“,”Objective To explore the effects of PM 2.5 on the number of hospital outpatients in Chengdu city and identify the differences in health effects of PM 2.5 in Chengdu and other cities in China.Methods Meteorological data,ambient PM 2.5 monitoring data,data on number of daily hospital outpatients from January 1,2013 to December 31,2014 were collected.A Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was built to estimate the health effects with exclusion of confounding factors such as long term trends,meteorological factors,weekend effect,etc.Results A 10 μg/m3 increase in daily concentration of PM 2.5 in the urban area of Chengdu corresponded to a 0.379％ (95％ CI:0.235％-0.523％) increase in the number of adult outpatients with respiratory diseases in general hospitals,a 0.368％ (95％ CI:0.310％-0.426％) increase in the total number of pediatric outpatients,and a 0.434％ (95％ CI:0.362％-0.505％) increase in the number of pediatric patients with respiratory diseases.Conclusion Health of urban residents in Chengdu city was affected by the ambient concentration of PM 2.5.The effects are different from those in other cities in China.