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目的:对几种药食兼用植物红茶、绿茶、乌龙茶、丁香、葡萄皮/籽、姜黄的提取物以及茶多酚和儿茶素制品进行体外抗氧化作用的测定。方法:采用化学发光法、超微弱发光技术和巨噬细胞呼吸爆发实验。结果:提取物对超氧阴离子(O_2)的清除能力为:丁香>红茶>绿茶>葡萄皮/籽>乌龙茶>姜黄;对羟自由基(·OH)的清除能力为:红茶>丁香>绿茶>葡萄皮/籽>乌龙茶>姜黄;除丁香外,其余提取物对·OH的清除能力均大于对O_2的清除。茶多酚和儿茶素制品对O_2和·OH亦具有很强的直接清除能力。经对活性较强的丁香、红茶和儿茶素进一步研究,发现红茶对大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞呼吸爆发的抑制作用大于丁香。超微弱发光测定结果显示,被试的丁香、红茶、茶多酚和儿茶素均可延迟和抑制CuSO_4-Phen-Vc-H_2O_2-DNA体系导致的DNA损伤。结论:被试的提取物及制品均有清除氧自由基的作用,其中丁香、红茶和儿茶素活性较强,并具有阻断DNA氧化损伤链反应和预防性的效果。
OBJECTIVE: To determine the antioxidant activity of several medicinal and edible plant black teas, green tea, oolong tea, clove, grape skin/seed, turmeric extracts, and tea polyphenols and catechins in vitro. Methods: Chemiluminescence, ultraweak luminescence, and macrophage respiratory burst experiments were used. Results: The scavenging ability of extracts to superoxide anion (O 2 ) was: clove> black tea> green tea> grape skin/seed> oolong tea> turmeric; the scavenging ability of hydroxyl radical (·OH) was: black tea> clove> green tea> Grape husks/seeds> Oolong tea> Turmeric; Except for cloves, the scavenging ability of the other extracts to OH was greater than that of O 2 . Tea polyphenols and catechin products also have strong direct scavenging capabilities for O 2 and OH. After further research on the more active cloves, black teas and catechins, it was found that black tea has greater inhibition on the respiratory burst of rat peritoneal macrophages than cloves. The ultra-weak luminescence measurement results showed that the tested clove, black tea, tea polyphenols and catechins could delay and inhibit DNA damage caused by CuSO4-Phen-Vc-H2O2-DNA system. Conclusion: The extracts and products of the test all have the effect of scavenging oxygen free radicals, among which clove, black tea and catechin have strong activity, and have the effect of blocking the oxidative damage chain reaction and prevention of DNA.