重视冶水,忽视冶山,这是我国水利史上长期存在的问题。尽管我们在治水上付出了巨大代价,效果却并不十分理想,主要原因就在于我们没有把治水与治山很好地结合起来,没有把治山作为治水之本。俗语说“山青水秀”、“童山恶水”,这句话正确说明了治水必须先治山。 先秦时,我国的黄土高原,森林蓊郁,水草丰茂,一碧千里。遗憾的是,秦汉以后,重视冶水,忽视治山。而治水又偏重于在下游修堤筑堰,“壅防百川”;重工程措施,轻生物措施;重视下游,忽视上游,缺 Emphasis on metallurgy, neglect metallurgy, which is the long-standing problems in China’s water conservancy history. Although we have paid a huge price for water treatment, the effect is not very satisfactory. The main reason is that we did not combine water control with cure for the disease well and did not treat the mountain as the basis for water management. As the saying goes, “Shanqingshuixiu”, “Tongshan evil”, this sentence correctly shows that water must rule first mountain. Before Qin Dynasty, the Loess Plateau in China, the forest is full of lush, lush grass, a Bi-miles. Unfortunately, after the Qin and Han dynasties, emphasis on metallurgy, ignoring the mountain. The water control is also focused on the downstream weir embankment, “壅 prevent rivers”; heavy engineering measures, biological measures; emphasis on downstream, ignoring the upstream, lack of