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具有作业安全、劳动条件好、无木材消耗等优点的深孔爆破一次成井法,常用掘进10米左右的各类天井。由于每次循环进尺较深,不易按设计深度形成槽腔而影响掘进率,所以研究此法的掏槽工艺,具有现实意义。一次成井法,一般采用直线掏槽,槽腔由小而大依次扩成,图1为螺旋式掏槽布眼,爆破次序:1、2、3、4,岩石抛出顺序:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ。实践证明,掏槽破岩过程的特点:自由面小,夹制作用大,补偿空间小;槽腔由小到大,依次扩成,故前一孔扩槽好坏,影响到后一孔扩槽的进行。岩石爆破松散后增加体积,不超过设计补偿空间。各掏槽孔特别是首响孔爆下的岩碴,必须有适合的破碎度和形状。这样保证破岩过程顺利进行,并获得良好的掏槽效果。
With a working safety, good working conditions, no wood consumption advantages of deep-hole blasting a well method, commonly used for drilling about 10 meters of various types of patio. As the depth of each cycle into the deep, not easy to form the groove depth of the design and affect the rate of driving, so this method of cutting technology, with practical significance. A well-forming method, the general use of a straight cut, the slot from small to large in turn expand, Figure 1 for the spiral slotted cloth, blasting sequence: 1,2,3,4, rock throwing sequence: Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ. Practice has proved that the characteristics of cutting rock breaking process: free surface is small, clamping system for large, small compensation space; slot from small to large, followed by expansion, so the former hole expansion slot is good or bad, affecting the latter hole expansion Grooves are made. After the loose rock burst increased volume, no more than the design compensation space. The cut hole, especially the first ring holes burst rock ballast, must have a suitable degree of fragmentation and shape. This ensures rock breaking process smoothly, and obtain a good undercut effect.