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针对天然纤维强化复合材料中纤维与基体相容性差和纤维的高吸湿性导致复合材料吸水率高的问题,以大麻、苎麻和黄麻3种麻为原料,采用苯甲酰氯、亚氯酸钠、氢氧化钠和丙烯酸对麻进行表面处理,来考察不同麻种类和不同化学处理方式对麻纤维拉伸强度和吸湿度的影响。研究表明,处理方式和麻种类均对纤维拉伸强度和吸湿度有显著的影响,其中丙烯酸处理的大麻纤维影响最显著;纤维经处理后表面变粗糙,表面积增大。
In view of the poor compatibility between fiber and matrix and the high hygroscopicity of fiber in natural fiber-reinforced composite material, the high water absorption of composite material, three kinds of hemp (hemp, ramie and jute) were used as raw materials, benzoyl chloride, Sodium hydroxide and acrylic acid on the hemp surface treatment to investigate the different hemp types and different chemical treatment methods on the hemp fiber tensile strength and moisture absorption. The results showed that the treatment methods and the types of hemp both had a significant effect on the tensile strength and moisture absorption of the fiber. Acrylic-treated hemp fiber had the most significant effect. The surface of the fiber became coarse and the surface area increased after the treatment.