华工是晚清时赴海外工作的华人劳工,通常是被中介公司骗到国外谋生的农民,不少人因为归国无门,又得不到当地公民权和移民资格而客死异乡。旅俄华工是一战时期中国“华工输出”的一支,其历史起源、人口数量、生存际遇和活动区域具有独特价值。本文试就几十万旅俄华工参与革命的原因进行多方探讨,以求获得较为完整的结论。一、沙俄政府和北洋政府的双向压迫赴俄华工伴随着沙俄掠夺中国领土而产生,他们多来自山东地区且受最严酷的剥削和奴役。华工赴俄本是为允诺的 Chinese laborers are Chinese laborers who work abroad overseas during the late Qing dynasty. They are usually farmers lured to foreign markets by intermediary companies. Many of them are exiled because of their failure to return to their homeland and lack of citizenship and immigration status. Chinese laborers from Russia were one of China’s “laborers output” during World War I. Historical origins, population, survival and activity areas are of unique value. This article tries to discuss the reasons why hundreds of thousands of Chinese workers participated in the revolution in order to obtain more complete conclusions. I. The Two-Way Oppression of the Governments of Russia and Beiyang The Chinese workers who came to Russia along with the looting of Chinese territory by the tsarist Russia came mostly from Shandong and were most severely exploited and enslaved. Chinese workers to Russia this is promised