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香港曾是英国在东南亚的殖民地。在1997年回归中国前,香港是一个借来的时间和空间。根据香港特别行政区的基本法,回归后的香港保持原有法律和行政架构。在一国两制的原则,中国的文物保护法不适用于香港特区。殖民地时期以前,香港只不过是中国的一个边缘地区。经历150多年的殖民地管治,殖民政府曾于1899年颁行宋王台保存条例,其后于二次大战后废除;以及于1976年实施的古物古迹条例,回归后仍沿用至今。本文尝试从法例与政策的发展过程讨论香港的考古遗产如何被界定;并且讨论这个由移民构成的城市在城市化或市区重建过程中浮现的身份认同问题。
Hong Kong used to be a British colony in Southeast Asia. Before returning to China in 1997, Hong Kong was a borrowed time and space. According to the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, the returned Hong Kong maintains its original legal and administrative structure. Under the principle of “one country, two systems”, China’s law on the protection of cultural relics does not apply to the HKSAR. Before the colonial era, Hong Kong was only a marginal area of China. After more than 150 years of colonial rule, the colonial government promulgated the Song Dynasty Taiwan Preservation Ordinance in 1899 and was later repealed after the Second World War. The Antiquities and Monuments Ordinance, which was implemented in 1976, is still in use after the handover. This article attempts to discuss how the archaeological heritage of Hong Kong is defined from the development of laws and policies and to discuss the issue of identification of immigrants in their urbanization or urban renewal process.