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针对水稻自然条件下高温危害现象,提出了一套水稻抽穗扬花期抗高温性鉴定技术,设计了相应的鉴定装置,并采用该鉴定装置对水稻抽穗扬花期抗高温性进行了鉴定。结果表明:鉴定区高温处理时间(09:31—14:30)内平均温度,测温点1(高温端)达39.3℃,测温点8(常温端)为34.6℃,测温点1~8处理温度逐渐下降,能满足鉴定温度要求。供试品种结实率随处理温度升高而逐渐下降,表现明显的空间差异,株序间及品种间结实率差异极显著。在34.6~39.3℃高温处理下,供试品种对高温的标准抗性(HTs)依次为YJD02,Ⅱ优838,YJC06,YJB02,YJA05,金优桂99和YJB08,YJD02的竞争抗性(HTc)为1.09,对高温抗性强于抗高温对照Ⅱ优838;随处理温度升高(37.0~39.3℃以及39.0~39.3℃),供试品种抗高温性排序略有变化,品种间差异明显扩大。表明该鉴定技术能量化评价和有效区分不同水稻品种抽穗扬花期的抗高温性。
In view of the high temperature damage under natural conditions in rice, a set of identification techniques of high temperature resistance at heading and flowering stage of rice was proposed. Corresponding identification devices were designed and used to identify the high temperature resistance during heading and flowering of rice. The results showed that the average temperature in the zone of high temperature treatment (09: 31-14: 30) in the identification zone was 39.3 ℃ at the temperature measuring point 1 (high temperature end), 34.6 ℃ at the temperature measuring point 8 8 processing temperature gradually decreased, to meet the identification of temperature requirements. The seed setting rate of the tested varieties decreased gradually with the increase of treatment temperature, showing obvious spatial differences. The differences of seed setting rates between the strains and varieties were extremely significant. Under high temperature treatment of 34.6 ~ 39.3 ℃, the HTs of tested cultivars were HTJ of YJD02, Ⅱyou838, YJC06, YJB02, YJA05, Jinyoung 99 and YJB08, YJD02, Was 1.09, which was more resistant to high temperature than that of the high temperature resistant control Ⅱ You 838. With the increase of treatment temperature (37.0-39.3 ℃ and 39.0-39.3 ℃), the order of high temperature resistance of tested cultivars changed slightly, and the difference among varieties was obviously widened. It indicates that the identification technique can evaluate the energy and effectively distinguish the high temperature resistance of heading and flowering of different rice varieties.