目的：探讨神经激肽对乙酰甲胆碱（ＭＣ）气道反应性的作用．方法：观察非肽类ＮＫ１受体拮抗剂ＳＲ１４０３３３对镇静大鼠的ＭＣ气道反应性和离体气管条的收缩反应．结果：ＳＲ１４０３３３抑制ＭＣ气雾（１０－１０００μｍｏｌ／ｍ３）引起的呼吸频率增快，抑制ＭＣ气雾（１ｍｍｏｌ／ｍ３）反应的ＩＤ５０为４９（１４－１７２μｇ·ｋｇ－１）；ＳＲ１４０３３３１μｍｏｌ·Ｌ－１对乙酰甲胆碱引起的气管平滑肌收缩无抑制作用．阿托品可阻断ＭＣ的在体和离体反应．结论：内源性速激肽参与在体ＭＣ气道反应，至少部分由ＮＫ１受体介导． Objective: To investigate the effect of neurokinin on the airway responsiveness of methacholine (MC). Methods: To observe the non-peptide NK  1 receptor antagonist SR140333 sedation in rats with MC airway reactivity and isolated tracheal contraction. Results: The respiration frequency of SR140333 inhibited MC aerosol (10-1000μmol / m3), and the ID50 of inhibiting MC aerosol (1mmol / m3) was 49 (14-172μg · kg- 1); SR 1403331μmol·L-1 on methacholine-induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction did not inhibit. Atropine blocks both MC in vivo and ex vivo responses. CONCLUSION: Endogenous tachykinins are involved in the airway response of MC in vivo and are mediated at least in part by NK-1 receptors.