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目的探讨类风湿性关节炎患者心理健康状况及其影响因素,为进一步的护理干预提供科学依据。方法用自编的一般情况调查表、症状评定表、社会支持量表(SSRS)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)对80例类风湿性关节炎患者进行现况调查,比较本组患者SCL-90评分与国内常模的差别,分析患者一般资料、病情、SSRS评分与SCL-90评分之间的关系。结果本组患者SCL-90评分除人际关系和精神病性2个因子外,其余各因子分和总分以及阳性项目数显著高于国内常模(t=10.282,6.256,5.188,4.260,2.914,9.749,2.163,8.232,5.707;P<0.05);SCL-90总分与患者户籍、婚姻状况、职业、付费类别有明显关联(t=2.849,2.417,16.351,24.163;P<0.05);与患者年龄、关节疼痛、关节肿胀、功能障碍评分和晨僵时间及血沉速度呈显著正相关(t=0.250,0.896,0.847,0.766,0.778,0.730;P=0.001或0.000);与文化程度、经济状况和SSRS评分呈显著负相关(r=-0.300,-0.663,-0.555;P=0.001或0.000)。结论类风湿性关节炎患者心理健康状况较差,年龄较长、无配偶、农村、农民、低文化程度、经济状况和社会支持较差、病情较重患者,心理健康状况相对更差。
Objective To investigate the mental health status of rheumatoid arthritis patients and its influencing factors so as to provide a scientific basis for further nursing intervention. Methods Eighty patients with rheumatoid arthritis were surveyed by self-compiled questionnaire, Symptom Assessment Scale, Social Support Scale (SSRS) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) SCL-90 score and the difference between the domestic norm, analysis of the general information of patients, disease, SSRS score and the relationship between SCL-90 score. Results The scores of SCL-90 in this group were significantly higher than those in other countries (t = 10.282,6.256,5.188,4.260,2.914,9.749) except for the interpersonal relationship and psychotic 2 factors , 2.163,8.232,5.707; P <0.05). There was a significant correlation between SCL-90 score and family register, marital status, occupation and pay category (t = 2.849,2.417,16.351,24.163, P <0.05) (T = 0.250,0.896,0.847,0.766,0.778,0.730; P = 0.001 or 0.000). There was a significant positive correlation between the scores of joint pain, joint swelling, dysfunction score, morning stiffness and erythrocyte sedimentation rate SSRS scores were significantly negatively correlated (r = -0.300, -0.663, -0.555; P = 0.001 or 0.000). Conclusions Patients with rheumatoid arthritis have worse mental health, longer age, no spouse, rural areas, peasants, low educational level, poor economic status and social support, and patients with severe illness have worse mental health status.