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食管静脉曲张破裂出血是门静脉高压时的严重并发症,治疗困难,病死率高。自1939年Crafood 和 Franker 首次用硬式窥镜以奎宁为硬化剂治疗本症成功以来陆续有所报道。纤维内窥镜应用以来,可不用全麻,减轻了病人痛苦,简化了方法,并发症少,硬化治疗的应用就更加广泛。不仅用于出血间期的治疗,亦用于出血期紧急治疗及预防性治疗。甚至对肝功 Child C 级及/或肝昏迷Ⅲ、Ⅳ级的病人也可耐受治疗。现就有关几个问题叙述如下:
Esophageal variceal bleeding is a serious complication of portal hypertension, treatment difficulties, high mortality. Since Cramer and Franker in 1939 for the first time with a rigid endoscope quinine as sclerotherapy for the success of this disease have been reported. Since the application of fiber endoscopy, general anesthesia can be used to reduce patient pain, simplify the method, fewer complications, the application of sclerotherapy more widely. Not only for bleeding between the treatment, but also for emergency treatment of bleeding and prophylactic treatment. Even patients with grade C and / or hepatic coma grade III and IV can tolerate treatment. Here are some of the issues described below: