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目的监测与评价高速公路收费亭作业环境,为改善其条件、保护从业人员健康提供依据。方法依据GB3095-2012、GBZ 1-2010、GBZ 2.1-2007、GBZ 2.2-2007和GBZ 159-2004等,对福建省内沿海6家高速公路收费亭作业场所存在的有害因素进行检测与分析。结果收费亭内外空气中的CO、CO_2、NO_x、SO_2和总粉尘浓度,均超过环境空气质量标准中的二级标准和室内空气中CO_2卫生标准,但低于国家职业接触限值;除CO_2外,其它污染物浓度亭外均高于亭内。收费亭内外的噪声强度和8h等效声级均高于国家交通干线两侧昼间噪声标准,噪声频谱特性为高、中、低频率均有的非稳态噪声;亭内外温度和相对湿度相差不大,亭内风速、热辐射低于亭外。结论高速公路收费亭作业环境受多种有害因素污染,应加强职业病危害评价,加强从业人员个人防护和职业健康监护。
Objective To monitor and evaluate the operating environment of expressway toll booths and provide basis for improving their conditions and protecting the health of employees. Methods According to GB3095-2012, GBZ 1-2010, GBZ 2.1-2007, GBZ 2.2-2007 and GBZ 159-2004, the harmful factors in the workplaces of six toll booths in the coastal areas of Fujian Province were tested and analyzed. Results The concentrations of CO, CO_2, NO_x, SO_2 and total dust in the air inside and outside the toll booth exceeded the secondary standard in ambient air quality standards and the CO_2 standard in indoor air but lower than the national occupational exposure limit. , The concentration of other pollutants outside the kiosk are higher than the kiosk. The noise intensity inside and outside the toll booths and the 8h equivalent sound level are both higher than the daytime noise standards on both sides of the national trunk line, and the noise spectrum characteristics are unsteady noise both in high, medium and low frequency; difference between inside and outside temperature and relative humidity Not large, kiosk wind speed, thermal radiation below the kiosk. Conclusion The operating environment of expressway toll booths is polluted by many harmful factors. Occupational hazards assessment should be strengthened to enhance the personal protection and occupational health monitoring of employees.