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在分析送粉式激光熔覆过程中能量分配和粉末颗粒云对激光束衰减规律的 基础上，通过建立能量平衡方程，推导出熔池深度与工艺参数之间的定量关系表达式， 系统分析了影响熔池深度的因素。结合相关的物理参数、工艺参数和金相检测的熔覆 层宏观参数，对方程进行了理论计算。同金相法实际检测的熔池深度相比，理论值高于 实际值，两者反映的规律是一致的，客观地反映了激光熔覆中工艺参数和工艺结果之间 的关系。在激光参数保持不变的条件下，熔池深度随扫描速度和送粉速率的增大而减 小。为熔覆工艺参数的优化、熔覆层质量的评定和现场控制系统的设计提供了理论依 据。
Based on the analysis of the energy distribution and powder particle cloud attenuation law of laser beam during the powder cladding laser cladding process, the expression of the quantitative relationship between the depth of the molten pool and the process parameters is deduced by establishing the energy balance equation. Affect the depth of the pool of factors. Combined with the relevant physical parameters, process parameters and the macroscopic parameters of metallographic coating, the equations were calculated theoretically. Compared with the actual measured depth of molten pool by the metallographic method, the theoretical value is higher than the actual value, and the laws reflected by both reflect the same, objectively reflecting the relationship between process parameters and process results in laser cladding. Under the condition of constant laser parameters, the depth of the weld pool decreases with the increase of scanning speed and powder feeding rate. The results provide the theoretical basis for the optimization of the cladding process parameters, the quality assessment of cladding layer and the design of on-site control system.