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根据黄河中上游流域冰水情监测以及预防凌汛灾害的需求,设计了一种适合黄河河道的冰水情自动测报系统.该系统由基于空气、冰与水电阻特性差异的冰层厚度传感器、DS18B20的温度梯度传感器以及智能处理仪构成.采用该系统在内蒙托克托县黄河河道进行了黄河封冻期河道冰层厚度连续监测试验,获取了大量的现场实测数据,对采样数据进行分析,提出了判别冰层厚度的平均滤波算法,实现了对冰层生消变化全过程的自动监测.
According to the monitoring of icy and water conditions in middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River and the need of preventing flood disaster, an automatic ice and water information system for the Yellow River is designed.The system consists of an ice thickness sensor based on the differences of air, ice and water resistance characteristics, DS18B20 Temperature gradient sensor and intelligent processing instrument.Using this system, the thickness of continuous monitoring test of ice in the Yellow River during the freezing period of the Yellow River was carried out in the Yellow River of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. A large number of field data were obtained and the sampling data were analyzed. The average filtering algorithm of discriminating the thickness of ice layer realizes the automatic monitoring of the whole process of the birth and disappearance of ice layer.