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目的研究苦瓜的新活性成分。方法采用乙醇提取、微波萃取、D-101型大孔树脂纯化、硅胶柱色谱以及制备液相色谱等方法分离,通过理化常数及光谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。结果分离并鉴定了8个化合物,分别为charantadiol A(5β,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23(E),25(26)-triene-3β,19(R)-diol,Ⅰ)、(+)-eduesmin(Ⅱ)、blueme-nol A(Ⅲ)、宽叶葱苷元D(karatavilagenin D,Ⅳ)、5β,19-epoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3-β19,25-triol(Ⅴ)、苦瓜皂苷元Ⅰ(5,19-epoxy-5-βcucurbita-6,23(E)-diene-3β,25-diol,Ⅵ)、苦瓜皂苷L苷元(aglycone of momordicoside L,3β,7β,25-trihydroxy-cucurbita-5,23(E)-diene-19-al,Ⅶ)、β-谷甾醇(-βsitosterol,Ⅷ)。结论化合物Ⅰ为新化合物,命名为苦瓜二醇A(charantadiol A),化合物Ⅱ、Ⅲ为从苦瓜中首次分离得到。
Objective To study the new active ingredients of bitter melon. Methods The compounds were isolated by ethanol extraction, microwave extraction, D-101 macroporous resin purification, silica gel column chromatography and preparative liquid chromatography. The structures of the compounds were identified by physicochemical constants and spectral data. Results Eight compounds were isolated and identified as charantadiol A (5β, 19-epoxycucurbita-6,23 (E), 25 (26) -triene-3β, 19 (R) Eduesmin (Ⅱ), blueme-nol A (Ⅲ), karatavilagenin D (Ⅳ), 5β, 19-epoxycucurbita-6,23-diene-3-β19,25-triol (5,19-epoxy-5-βcucurbita-6,23 (E) -diene-3β, 25-diol, Ⅵ), aglycone of momordicoside L (3β, 7β, 25-trihydroxy -cucurbita-5,23 (E) -diene-19-al, VII), β-sitosterol (VIII). Conclusion Compound Ⅰ is a new compound, named charantadiol A, and compounds Ⅱ and Ⅲ were isolated from bitter melon for the first time.