１９世纪中期，面对西方“文明”的严峻挑战，中国和日本这两个闭关自守的东方国家，都被迫打开“大门”，分别启动了以洋务运动及明治维新为标志的近代化的历史进程。中国的洋务运动以“中体西用”作为指导思想，而日本的明治维新则以“和魂洋才”作为处理与西方文化关系的总? In the middle of the 19th century, faced with the severe challenge of “civilizations” in the West, China and Japan, the two closed-door East countries, were forced to open the “gate” and start the modernization process marked by the Westernization Movement and the Meiji Reform . The Westernization Movement in China used “Western Learning and Western Learning” as its guiding ideology, while Japan’s Meiji Restoration adopted the principle of “reconciliation with the soul and soul” as its overall handling of relations with Western culture.