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目的:探讨儿童与成人分泌性中耳炎(SOM)在病因、病程、临床特征和听力学等方面的异同。方法:对42例(74耳)儿童和34例(43耳)成人SOM患者术前临床资料及听力学检查资料进行对比分析。结果:儿童SOM平均病程较成人短,以腺样体肥大多见,成人以中耳乳突炎多见。C型鼓室导抗图的成人患者鼓室负压大于儿童(P<0.05)。儿童与成人SOM各频率气导听阈均提高,并且都可出现骨导听阈提高,以高频2、4kHz为主,且成人高频4kHz骨导听阈提高较儿童明显(P<0.05)。结论:儿童病程一般较成人短,以腺样体肥大多见,易引起中耳积液。儿童SOM与成人一样都可以引起感音神经性聋,以高频损害为主,但高频下降没有成人明显,但由于可造成儿童学语与认知方面的不良后果,应及时干预和诊治。
Objective: To investigate the similarities and differences of etiology, course of disease, clinical features and audiology between children and adults with secretory otitis media (SOM). Methods: Preoperative 42 cases (74 ears) children and 34 cases (43 ears) adult SOM patients with preoperative clinical data and audiological examination data were analyzed. Results: The average duration of SOM in children was shorter than that in adults. Adenoid hypertrophy was common in adults, and otitis media was common in adults. Adult tympanogram negative pressure in C-Tympanogram was greater in children than in children (P <0.05). The threshold of air conduction in SOM and MOM of children and adults both increased, and the bone conduction threshold increased, which was mainly at high frequency and 2, 4 kHz, and the bone conduction threshold at 4 kHz was significantly higher in children than in children (P <0.05). Conclusion: The course of children generally shorter than adults, with adenoid body fat mostly easy to cause middle ear effusion. Children SOM and adults can cause sensorineural deafness, mainly to high-frequency damage, but high-frequency decline was not obvious in adults, but due to the children can result in poor learning and cognitive consequences, timely intervention and diagnosis and treatment.