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英语中关于“花费”一词的译法常见的有以下几个：cost，pay，spend，take。很多学生对这几个词的用法似懂非懂，使用起来常常出错。为方便同学们在使用过程中正确地“花费”，现结合近几年全国部分省市中考试题，将其用法辨析如下：
spend
[一语击破】spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等，其后用“on 名词”或“(in) 动词-ing”。如：
She spends too much money on clothes．她在衣服上花钱如流水。
They spend a lot of money(in)buying a new car．他们花很多钱买了一辆新车。
[中考真题]
1．Ted_______ten dollars on the shirts yesterday．(四川)
A．cost B．spent C．paid D．took
2．I’m interested in animals，so I______every Saturday working in an animal hospital．(北京海淀区)
A．pay B．get C．take D．spend
cost
[一语击破]cost通常指“花钱”，主语必须用“事、物”来充当。其常见句型为cost(sb．)some money。例如：
The picture costs a lot of money．这幅画很值钱。
It costs you twelve pounds to go to London by ship．乘船到伦敦要12英磅。
[中考真题]
3．—Your MP3 is so nice．How much is it?(浙江)
—It______me 500．
A．bought B．paid C．spent D．cost
4．—Oh，you painted the walls yourself？(湖北武汉)
—Yes．It was not hard．The whole work didn’t_____much．
A．want B．cost C．spend D．pay
take
[一语击破]take一词作为“花费”解时常用于句型It takes(sb．)some time t0do sth．中，意思是“(某人)做某事花多少时间”。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是句尾的动词不定式短语。例如：
It will take ten million dollars to build the library．建这个图书馆要花1000万美元。
How long did it take you to read the book?看这本书你花了多长时间?
[中考真题]
5．It will______about half an hour to get to the park by bus．(广西)
A．spend B．cost C．want D．take
6．It____Yang Liwei about 21 hours______the earth 14 times in his spaceship．(陕西)
A．spent，circling B．took，traveling C．spent，to travel D．took，to circle
pay
[一语击破]pay的基本意思是“支付”，作为及物动词，宾语可以是“人”和“钱”。而pay for的宾语为“物”和“事”，for表示支付的原因。如：
He is paying for his new book．他正在付他的新书钱。
You’ll have to pay me ten dollars a week for your meals．你每周得付给我十美元饭钱。
[中考真题]
7．What a nice bag!But she_______only thirtydollars for it．(辽宁)
A．cost B．took C．spent D．paid
8．—How much did you_____the mobile phone?(江苏宿迁)
—One thousand yuan or so．
A．take B．spend C．cost D．pay for
答案：1-4 BDDB 5-8 DDDD
责任编辑／张彩萍mirenr@sina．com
spend
[一语击破】spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱、精力、时间等，其后用“on 名词”或“(in) 动词-ing”。如：
She spends too much money on clothes．她在衣服上花钱如流水。
They spend a lot of money(in)buying a new car．他们花很多钱买了一辆新车。
[中考真题]
1．Ted_______ten dollars on the shirts yesterday．(四川)
A．cost B．spent C．paid D．took
2．I’m interested in animals，so I______every Saturday working in an animal hospital．(北京海淀区)
A．pay B．get C．take D．spend
cost
[一语击破]cost通常指“花钱”，主语必须用“事、物”来充当。其常见句型为cost(sb．)some money。例如：
The picture costs a lot of money．这幅画很值钱。
It costs you twelve pounds to go to London by ship．乘船到伦敦要12英磅。
[中考真题]
3．—Your MP3 is so nice．How much is it?(浙江)
—It______me 500．
A．bought B．paid C．spent D．cost
4．—Oh，you painted the walls yourself？(湖北武汉)
—Yes．It was not hard．The whole work didn’t_____much．
A．want B．cost C．spend D．pay
take
[一语击破]take一词作为“花费”解时常用于句型It takes(sb．)some time t0do sth．中，意思是“(某人)做某事花多少时间”。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是句尾的动词不定式短语。例如：
It will take ten million dollars to build the library．建这个图书馆要花1000万美元。
How long did it take you to read the book?看这本书你花了多长时间?
[中考真题]
5．It will______about half an hour to get to the park by bus．(广西)
A．spend B．cost C．want D．take
6．It____Yang Liwei about 21 hours______the earth 14 times in his spaceship．(陕西)
A．spent，circling B．took，traveling C．spent，to travel D．took，to circle
pay
[一语击破]pay的基本意思是“支付”，作为及物动词，宾语可以是“人”和“钱”。而pay for的宾语为“物”和“事”，for表示支付的原因。如：
He is paying for his new book．他正在付他的新书钱。
You’ll have to pay me ten dollars a week for your meals．你每周得付给我十美元饭钱。
[中考真题]
7．What a nice bag!But she_______only thirtydollars for it．(辽宁)
A．cost B．took C．spent D．paid
8．—How much did you_____the mobile phone?(江苏宿迁)
—One thousand yuan or so．
A．take B．spend C．cost D．pay for
答案：1-4 BDDB 5-8 DDDD
责任编辑／张彩萍mirenr@sina．com