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(一) 审判公开是指法院对诉讼案件的审理及判决,除有特别规定者外,都在法庭公开进行,允许公众旁听。审判公开原则是资产阶级反封建斗争的产物。18世纪意大利C.B.贝卡里亚在《论犯罪与刑罚》一书中提出:“审判应当是公开的,”“以便社会舆论能够制止暴力和私欲”。资产阶级革命胜利并掌握政权以后,各国相继规定了审判公开制度。在社会主义国家,审判公开原则也是普遍遵循的一项重要诉讼原则。
(1) Trial adjudication refers to the trial and judgment of court on litigation cases. Unless otherwise stipulated, the trial is held in court in public and the public is allowed to attend. The principle of open trial is a product of the bourgeois anti-feudal struggle. In the eighteenth century, Italy C.B. Beccaria put forward in his book On Crime and Penalty: “The trial should be open,” “so that public opinion can stop the violence and lust.” After the victory of the bourgeois revolution and the grasping of the political power, various countries have successively laid down the open trial system. In socialist countries, the principle of open trial is also an important principle of litigation.