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1 前言 船公司为保持运力或优化船队结构要造船买船,扩大船队规模也要造船买船。船有一定的使用年龄,船进入老龄后期,维修保养费用增加,经营受到种种限制,安全性降低,或技术已经落后,此时应择机出售处理,拆解或卖给中小船公司,降级使用,如由无限航区改有限航区,或进行沿海经营。有的船公司有一定的经济实力,喜欢使用船舶青春期,船使用到第二个或第三个特检到期前出售掉,船队年龄保持较低。新船技术先进,状态好,易於管理,又较安全,经营上竞争力强,但新船折旧负担较大,固定成本高。
1 Foreword The shipping company to ship capacity or optimize the fleet structure to shipbuilding to shipbuilding, fleet size expansion also shipbuilding. The ship has a certain age, the ship into the late aging, maintenance costs increase, business is subject to various restrictions, safety reduced, or technology has lagged, this time should choose to sell disposal, dismantling or sale to small and medium shipping companies, downgraded, Such as unlimited navigation zone to change the limited area, or for coastal operations. Some shipping companies have a certain economic strength, like to use the ship adolescence, the ship used to the second or third special inspection before the expiry of sale, the fleet remains low. New ships with advanced technology, good condition, easy to manage, and more secure, competitive operation, but the new ship depreciation burden, high fixed costs.