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市场经济的发展给我国社会生活带来了根本性变革,这使我们现有的文学观念遇到了强劲的挑战。一方面,文学的现实功用确实不能忽视,因为“物质生活的生产方式制约着整个社会生活、政治生活和精神生活的过程”(马克思),文人作为肉体凡胎也不可能遗世独立;另一方面,在文学的商品价值和功利价值被无限夸大之时,精神价值遭到空前嘲弄,艺术创造的功能整个沦为“文学工业”了。经济地位的严重失落,致使知识分子的精神信念趋于衰落而无法形成社会的中心价值系统;市场经济的列车已经把文学拖上了迷茫的未知之途。在这种情况下,谈论市场经济与文艺的关系难逃两种宿命:媚俗或者背时。故本文打算绕开正题,从文学自身的规定性入手探讨一下中国文学的当代命运。
The development of market economy has brought fundamental changes to our social life, which has posed a great challenge to our existing literary concepts. On the one hand, the practical utility of literature can not be ignored because “the process of production of material life restricts the process of social life, political life and spiritual life” (Marx) and the literati can not remain independent as a flesh. Another As for the literary value of goods and utilitarian value is exaggerated, the spiritual value has been ridiculed unprecedentedly, and the function of art creation has all but become a “literary industry.” The serious loss of economic status led to the decline of the spiritual beliefs of intellectuals and the inability to form a social central value system. The train of market economy has dragged the literature onto confused unknown ways. Under such circumstances, talking about the relationship between the market economy and the literature and art can not escape two fate: kitsch or back time. Therefore, this article intends to circumvent the theme, starting from the provisions of literature itself to explore the contemporary fate of Chinese literature.