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近几年来,“五小工业”在全国城乡各地得到了飞速的发展,早已突破原来的小钢铁、小煤炭、小农机、小水泥、小化肥等五个“小”的范围,形成以支援农业为主包括各行各业的县、社、队办的小型工业体系。“五小工业”大多是本着自力更生、土法上马、就地取材、因陋就简的原则建立起来的。生产设备简陋,机械化程度低,劳动强度较大,防尘防毒措施没有跟上,生产劳动条件差,工人健康受到严重危险。根据卫生部下达的任务,为了查明情况、研究措施,自一九七七年起,由中国医学科学院卫生研究所、广东、江苏、山东、福建、湖南等省的职防院和卫生防疫站组成“五小工业”卫生防护科研协作组,进行了三年调查研究工
In recent years, the “five small industries” have enjoyed rapid development all over the country. They have already broken through the five “small” categories of small steel, small coal, small agricultural machinery, small cement and small chemical fertilizers, Mainly include all walks of life in counties, clubs, teams run a small industrial system. Most of the “five small industries” have been established on the principle of self-reliance, soil warfare, local materials, and simple principles. Poor production equipment, low degree of mechanization, labor-intensive, dust-proof and anti-virus measures have not kept pace with the poor working conditions of production and workers’ health are seriously endangered. According to the tasks assigned by the Ministry of Health, in order to identify the situation and research measures, the research institutes and institutes of health of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, the occupational defenses and epidemic prevention stations in Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong, Fujian and Hunan since 1977, Formed a “five small industries” health protection research collaboration group, conducted a three-year investigation and research workers