阿拉伯——伊斯兰舆地学从公元8世纪中叶开始发展起来,9—11世纪发展到鼎盛。阿拉伯——伊斯兰舆地文献既包括地理资料本身,又内含大量详实的历史资料。这些地理文献中有许多也是历史文献,只是采用地理学、行纪的写作体裁而已。这成为中古阿拉 伯历史学的一大特色。而且,阿拉伯——伊斯兰奥地学对世界的认识,及其在资料的收集和考证上的贡献、都对阿拉伯历史观和方法论有很大影响。 Arabian-Islamic geo-learning developed from the mid-8th century AD and reached its peak in the 9th-11th century. The Arab-Islamic geo-literature includes both the geographical data itself and a large amount of detailed historical material. Many of these geographical documents are also historical documents, only using geography and writing style. This became a major feature of medieval Arab history. Moreover, the Arabian-Islamic Austrian learning of the world and its contribution to the collection and verification of information all have a profound influence on Arab history and methodology.