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在直流电路中,路端电压U与电流强度I满足U=ε-Ir。不难看出U与I成线性关系。如左图所示,其中ε为电源电动势,Im为短路时的电流强度
In the direct current circuit, the terminal voltage U and the current intensity I satisfy U=ε-Ir. It is not difficult to see that U and I are linear. As shown on the left, where ε is the power electromotive force and Im is the current intensity at short circuit