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目的了解2010—2014年贵阳市青年学生群体艾滋病相关知识、行为、行为干预服务以及人类免疫缺陷病毒感染情况,为高校人群艾滋病防治策略的修定提供依据。方法采用分阶段整群抽样的方法,对贵阳市2个青年学生艾滋病哨点共7 071名学生进行问卷调查和血清学检测。结果除2010年外,贵阳市青年学生艾滋病相关知识的知晓率均超过90%;高危行为调查发现,有过性经历的学生占总调查人数的8.6%(605/7 071),初次性行为使用安全套的只占36.9%(223/605);初次性行为存在临时性行为的比例为0.3%(2/605),商业性行为为2.8%(17/605),同性性行为为0.2%(1/605);行为干预服务情况调查显示,青年学生艾滋病宣教参与度和近期接受HIV检测比例均较低;血清学检测未发现有HIV抗体阳性学生;二分类Logistic回归分析显示,性别(OR=2.116,95% CI=1.767~2.534)、民族(OR=1.220,95% CI=1.008~1.475)、户籍所在地(OR=1.594,95% CI=1.104~2.302)、学历(OR=21.179,95% CI=13.644~32.876)和接受预防艾滋病宣教情况(OR=1.437,95% CI=1.194~1.728)是青年学生艾滋病相关知识知晓情况的影响因素。结论应补充基础卫生学知识、性安全知识等宣教内容;注重对中小学生,尤其是少数民族学生的艾滋病宣教;促进青年学生参与艾滋病知识宣教,加强艾滋病的警示性教育。
Objective To understand the AIDS-related knowledge, behavior, behavior intervention services and HIV infection among young students in Guiyang from 2010 to 2014 so as to provide basis for the revision of AIDS prevention and control strategies among college students. Methods A total of 7 071 students from 2 young students in Guiyang City were investigated by questionnaires and serological tests using a phased cluster sampling method. Results Except for 2010, the awareness rate of HIV / AIDS related knowledge among young students in Guiyang was more than 90%. High risk behavior survey found that students who had sexual experience accounted for 8.6% of the total number of students (605/7 071) Condom only accounted for 36.9% (223/605); 0.3% (2/605) had first-time sexual behavior, 2.8% (17/605) had first-time sexual behavior, and 0.2% (1 / 605); Behavior intervention service survey showed that youth education and public participation in AIDS awareness and HIV testing recently received a lower proportion of serological tests did not find HIV antibody positive students; two class Logistic regression analysis showed that gender (OR = 2.116 , 95% CI = 1.767-2.534), nationality (OR = 1.220, 95% CI = 1.008-1.475), place of residence (OR = 1.594,95% CI = 1.104-2.2002) = 13.644 ~ 32.876) and receiving education on AIDS prevention (OR = 1.437, 95% CI = 1.194-1.728) were the influencing factors of AIDS-related knowledge among young students. Conclusions Basic health knowledge and sexual safety knowledge should be added in the content of education; focus on AIDS education for primary and secondary students, especially minority students; promote young students’ participation in HIV / AIDS knowledge education and AIDS warning education.