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为了探索磁处理对钻井液的作用机理，采用对比法研究了磁处理前后钻井液中粘土胶粒表面电性和吸附处理剂的变化规律及其对粘土（钻屑）分散程度的影响。从钻井液稳定原理入手，结合微观分析的结果，利用政体化学和物理化学的有关原理对磁处理降低钻井液的粘度和切力的机理进行了详细分析。实验结果和机理分析表明：磁处理能使钻井液中粘土胶粒的Ｚｅｔａ电位增加，使粘土胶粒吸附处理刑量增大，也能抑制粘土、泥页岩钻屑的水化分散。磁处理使得钻井液体系的熵减小，聚结稳定性提高，处理剂对粘土颗位的保护能力增强。磁处理使粘土胶粒定向排列，从而，使钻井液的网状结构变弱，内摩擦力减小，粘度、切力降低。
In order to explore the mechanism of magnetic treatment on drilling fluid, the variation law of surface electrical properties and adsorption treatment agent of clay particles in the drilling fluid before and after magnetic treatment and its influence on the dispersion degree of clay (drill cuttings) were studied. Starting from the principle of drilling fluid stability, combined with the results of microscopic analysis, the mechanism of magnetic treatment to reduce the viscosity and shear of drilling fluid is analyzed in detail by using the related principles of chemical chemistry and physical chemistry. The experimental results and mechanism analysis show that magnetic treatment can increase the Zeta potential of clay particles in drilling fluid and increase the penalty of clay particles adsorption treatment, and also can suppress the hydration and dispersion of clay and shale drilling cuttings. Magnetic treatment makes the entropy of the drilling fluid system decreases, the coalescence stability is improved, and the protective ability of the treating agent on the clay particles is enhanced. Magnetic treatment makes the clay particles oriented, so that the drilling fluid network structure weakened, reduce the internal friction, viscosity, shear reduction.