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新公共管理运动开展30年来,学界对其诠释、理论化、学科化、批判等的研究成果纷繁复杂。其中不乏反思其兴与衰,并做出死亡论断。然而,对新公共管理进行批判不应忽视的问题是:新公共管理的诞生不是学科属性的而是基于经验的画像或描述,因而不应对学科化简单提出基础理论的讥难;在判定新公共管理取向是否公共行政改革世界潮流的问题上,只关注其趋同性而忽视趋异性;在武断判定新公共管理死亡的问题时,忽视公共行政改革的“长波”现象。应用布罗代尔的“长波”理论分析新公共管理学术思潮在公共行政演化的“长波”现象中的命运可以发现,简单地断言NPM已经死亡是言过其实的,NPM余波及其影响将是长久的。
In the 30 years since the new public administration movement was carried out, the academic research on its interpretation, theorization, discipline and criticism has been complicated. Many of them reflect on their rise and fall, and made the death thesis. However, the problem that should not be neglected in the critique of NPM is that the birth of NPM is not subject attribute but portrait or description based on experience, so it should not be ridiculed simply by subject-based theory, Whether management orientation is the trend of public administrative reform in the world, only focusing on its convergence and neglecting the divergence; in judging the death of new public management, the “long wave” phenomenon of public administration reform should be neglected. The application of Braudel’s “long wave” theory to analyze the fate of the new public administration academic trend in the “long wave” phenomenon of public administration evolution can be found. It is exaggerated to simply assert that the NPM has died. The NPM aftermath and its impact It will be long.