一、前言预防接种法于1948年制定以来,预防接种已有组织地进行了,在接种率提高的同时,传染病的发生显著地减少。疫苗包括灭活细菌或菌体成分,弱毒化的病原体等。因为接种这些在机体可获得特异的免疫,所以由于疫苗自身的因素和接受疫苗的机体的因素潜藏着引起异常反应的危险性。传染病流行频繁的时代,因传染病的危害 I. Introduction Since the vaccination law was enacted in 1948, vaccination has been organized in an organized manner. In addition to the increased vaccination rate, the incidence of infectious diseases has been significantly reduced. Vaccines include inactivated bacteria or bacterial components, pathogenic agents such as weakly poisoned. Because these vaccines give rise to specific immunity in the body, the risk of an abnormal reaction is hidden by the factors of the vaccine itself and of the body receiving the vaccine. The era of frequent epidemics, due to the dangers of infectious diseases