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目的探索建立一种稳定且培养成功率高,操作简便的产前绒毛染色体制备的方法,提高绒毛产前诊断的成功率。方法 181例进行产前诊断的绒毛组织分两组,采用胶原酶分别消化10min和15min,制备绒毛细胞悬液进行细胞培养、染色体核型分析。结果 181例绒毛组织培养成功179例,失败2例,培养成功率为98.90%,平均培养时间为10-12天;消化15min比消化10min细胞更容易贴壁,原代培养成功率更高。179例培养成功的绒毛组织检出异常核型14例,其中镶嵌型5例,检出染色体多态性15例。结论采用胶原酶消化绒毛组织,可以提高细胞培养成功率,提高孕早期产前诊断的成功率,适合各级有条件的医疗保健机构推广应用。
Objective To explore a method of preparing prenatal villus chromosomes with high success rate and high success rate and to improve the success rate of prenatal diagnosis of villi. Methods 181 cases of prenatal diagnosis of chorionic tissue divided into two groups, collagenase digestion 10min and 15min, preparation of villus cell suspension for cell culture, chromosome karyotype analysis. Results 181 cases of chorionic villi were successfully cultured in 179 cases, with 2 cases of failure. The success rate of culturing was 98.90% and the average culture time was 10-12 days. The digestion of 15min was easier to adhere to the cells than the 10min digestion, and the success rate of primary culture was higher. In 179 cases of chorionic villi, 14 cases were detected abnormal karyotypes, including 5 mosaic cases and 15 cases of chromosomal polymorphism. Conclusion Collagenase digestion of villous tissue can improve the success rate of cell culture and improve the success rate of prenatal diagnosis during the first trimester. It is suitable for the popularization and application of conditional health care institutions at all levels.