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应激是指机体受到各种应激源(心理、躯体、环境等)刺激时出现的以交感神经兴奋和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质分泌增多为主的一系列神经内分泌反应,以及由此引起的机体病理生理改变。现代社会的发展和竞争压力的增加,使人体承受着越来越强烈、越来越复杂的应激。应激在许多疾病的发生和发展上起着重要作用,75%～90%的人类疾病与应激机制的肩动有关,可被应激所诱发或是被应激所恶化。应激可以对机体的多个器官造成负面影响,胃肠道是机体与外界接触面积最大的器官,且由于其黏膜血管的解剖特点,使它更容易在应激状态下受到影响。大量研究证实,应激是功能性肠病(functional bowel disorders,FBD)的主要诱发因素,本文就近年来有关应激与功能性肠病关系的研究进展做一综述。
Stress refers to a series of neuroendocrine reactions that are mainly excited by sympathetic nerves and increased secretion of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal cortex when the body is stimulated by various stressors (psychological, physical, environmental, etc.) The pathophysiology of the body changes. The development of modern society and the increasing pressure of competition have put the body under increasingly intense and complicated stress. Stress plays an important role in the occurrence and development of many diseases. About 75% to 90% of human diseases are related to the shoulder movement of stress mechanism and can be induced by stress or exacerbated by stress. Stress can have a negative impact on multiple organs of the body. The gastrointestinal tract is the organ with the largest contact area with the outside world and is more susceptible to stress due to the anatomical features of its mucosal blood vessels. A large number of studies have confirmed that stress is the main inducing factor of functional bowel disorders (FBD). In this paper, the research progress of the relationship between stress and functional bowel disease in recent years is reviewed.