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目的研究正常胎儿标本颈椎长度与孕周变化的关系,绘制正常胎儿脊柱长度生长曲线。方法本研究为前瞻性研究,利用3.0T MR扫描仪对65例16~42周自然流产及因母体或胎儿因素引产的胎儿标本行全脊柱3D-T2WI序列扫描,对所得图像进行三方位重建,在正中矢状位上测量颈椎长度及C4椎体的高度,建立相关线性回归方程。结果胎儿颈椎长度及C4椎体高度与孕周的线性回归方程分别为:颈椎长度(cm)=0.193+0.117孕周,R2=0.94,P<0.05;C4椎体高度(cm)=0.025+0.013孕周,R2=0.94,P<0.05。颈段脊柱发育有着时间的不平衡性,在生长发育过程中有两个发育高峰,分别为23~26孕周及31~34孕周;同样在这两个高峰,椎体高度增长速度较快。结论孕中晚期,胎儿颈椎长度的增加与胎龄呈良好相关性,椎体的相关径线是评估胎儿脊椎发育的可靠指标。
Objective To study the relationship between the length of cervical vertebrae and gestational age in normal fetus and to plot the growth curve of normal fetal spinal length. Methods This study was a prospective study using a 3.0T MR scanner on 65 cases of spontaneous abortion from 16 to 42 weeks and maternal or fetal factors induced fetal whole-body 3D-T2WI sequence scan of the images were three-dimensional reconstruction, The length of the cervical vertebrae and the height of the C4 vertebrae were measured on the median sagittal plane to establish the relevant linear regression equation. Results The linear regression equations of fetal cervical vertebra length and C4 vertebral body height and gestational age were as follows: length of cervical vertebrae (cm) = 0.193 + 0.117 gestational weeks, R2 = 0.94, P <0.05; C4 vertebral height (cm) = 0.025 + 0.013 Gestational age, R2 = 0.94, P <0.05. Cervical spine development has a time imbalance in the process of growth and development have two developmental peak, respectively, 23 to 26 gestational weeks and 31 to 34 gestational weeks; the same in these two peaks, vertebral height growth rate faster . Conclusion In the second trimester of pregnancy, the increase of fetal cervical spine length has a good correlation with gestational age. The related diameter of vertebral body is a reliable index to evaluate the fetal spine development.