人的苦难 ,人在地球上生存的悲剧 ,对文学而言始终是最贴近的一个生活面。悲剧的根源始终是人与人之间的关系 :或是莎士比亚着力表现的个性关系 ,或是陀思妥耶夫斯基表现的社会性关系。可是到了 2 0世纪末 ,却出现了全然不同的领域和全球性悲剧的原因 :人与自然的关系。生命短 Human suffering, the tragedy of human existence on Earth, for the literature is always the closest life. The root cause of the tragedy has always been the interpersonal relationship: the personal relationship that Shakespeare exerted himself, or the social relations that Dostoevsky showed. However, by the end of the 20th century, there were totally different reasons for the emergence of a global tragedy: the relationship between man and nature. Short life