本文提出了描述水基钻井泥浆的P-ρ-T特性的实验模型。对井温度随井深呈线性升高的泥浆柱，描述了估算泥浆柱中静压力分析方法。还讨论了能维持泥浆密度不变的近似温度梯度。对热水井和深井静压力的计算表明这些变量的改变足以引起井控问题。 This paper presents an experimental model describing the P-ρ-T characteristics of water-based drilling muds. For mud columns where the temperature of the well rises linearly with well depth, a description of the analytical method for estimating the static pressure in the mud column is presented. An approximate temperature gradient that maintains the mud density unchanged is also discussed. Calculations of static pressure in hot wells and deep wells indicate that changes in these variables are sufficient to cause well control problems.