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机车车辆轴重的提高和列车编组数量的增加会导致调车连挂冲击中的纵向冲动显著增大,从而带来一系列安全隐患。通过构建摩擦缓冲器动力学修正模型、车辆冲击动力学模型及车体—钩缓—车体串联模型等,研究了不同制动状态及不同阻抗特性缓冲器组合对车辆纵向冲动的影响。结果表明:缓冲器动力学修正模型能较好地模拟机车车辆调车连挂冲击中的缓冲器特性,以及制动阻力作用下的车钩力变化;车体—钩缓—车体串联模型能较好地模拟装配不同阻抗特性缓冲器的机车车辆连挂组合的冲击,对缓冲器的合理选用具有一定的理论指导价值。
Increasing the axle load of locomotives and increasing the number of train sets will result in a significant increase in longitudinal impulses in the shunting hitch impact, resulting in a series of potential safety issues. By building the dynamic model of friction damper, vehicle impact dynamics model and body-coupler-vehicle body series model, the influence of different combinations of braking states and different impedance characteristics on vehicle longitudinal impact is studied. The results show that the bumper dynamics model can well simulate the bumper characteristics of locomotives with shunting and the change of the coupler force under braking resistance. The simulation of the impact of locomotive and rolling stock with different buffer with different impedance characteristics has certain theoretical guiding value for the reasonable selection of the buffer.