恶性黑色素瘤主要发生在皮肤,偶见于眼、阴道、上呼吸道、脸膜和肛门直肠接合部。食管黑色素瘤分为原发性和转移性。原发性极少见,有人报告1000例食管恶性肿瘤仅1例。发生于中年和老年人,偶见青年,男女发病率相同,或男女为2∶1。食管转移性黑色素瘤亦罕见,有人报告125例恶性黑色素转移瘤死后研究,食管转移仅5例(4%)。本文报告2例为原发性。例1女性61岁,咽喉部发热感和进食痛,体重减轻,吞钡验查显示食管中段息肉状肿瘤。组织学诊断为恶性黑色素瘤。例2女性56岁,吞咽固体食物疼痛,并有食物刺戳胸骨下端的感觉,有体重减轻和嗜睡。内窥镜检距门齿24cm处食管内有2.5cm黑白息肉状肿瘤。未钡餐检 Malignant melanoma occurs mainly on the skin, occasionally in the eyes, vagina, upper respiratory tract, face membrane and anorectal junction. Esophageal melanoma is divided into primary and metastatic. Primary rare, it was reported that only one case of 1000 cases of esophageal malignancy. Occurs in the middle-aged and elderly, occasionally young people, the same incidence of men and women, or men and women is 2:1. Esophageal metastatic melanoma is also rare. Some reports of post-mortem metastases of 125 melanoma metastases were reported. Only 5 cases (4%) of esophageal metastases were reported. This article reports 2 cases of primary disease. Example 1 Female, 61 years old, with fever in the throat and eating pain, weight loss, swallowing examination revealed a polypoid tumor in the middle esophagus. Histological diagnosis was malignant melanoma. Example 2 A 56-year-old female who swallowed solid food was painful and had food jabbing at the lower end of the sternum with weight loss and drowsiness. There is a 2.5cm black-and-white polypoid tumor in the esophagus at the endoscope’s distance to the incisor 24cm. Failed meal inspection