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不同肿瘤的鉴别诊断通常借助于组织学的检查。然而儿童肿瘤,包括成神经细胞瘤、横纹肌肉瘤和肾胚瘤(Wilms’瘤)有时皆由未分化的小圆细胞所组成,因此给正确的诊断带来了困难。另一方面,这三种儿童肿瘤的鉴别则关系到选择适合的治疗方案。因此若能找到一种鉴别这三种肿瘤的标志,将十分有利于这些常见儿童肿瘤的预后。作者在本文中推荐认为烯醇酶同工酶(enolase isozymes),即α、β和γ烯醇酶即为这样的一种标志。本文用酶免疫测定系统(enzyme immunoassaysystems)检查了4例成神经细胞瘤、3例成神经节细胞瘤(ganglioneuroblastoma)、5例横纹肌肉瘤和6例肾胚瘤组织标本或患者血清中的烯醇酶。结果表明,所有受检肿瘤组织中都含有较高的α烯醇酶水平(2,070～19,100ng/mg蛋白质);β和γ烯醇酶则以横纹肌肉瘤(886±750ng/mg蛋白质)和
The differential diagnosis of different tumors is usually based on histological examination. However, childhood tumors, including neuroblastomas, rhabdomyosarcomas, and nephroblastomas (Wilms’ tumors) are sometimes composed of undifferentiated small round cells, thus presenting difficulties in correct diagnosis. On the other hand, the identification of these three types of childhood tumors is related to the selection of appropriate treatment options. Therefore, if we can find a marker to identify these three kinds of tumors, it will be very beneficial to the prognosis of these common childhood tumors. The authors recommend in this article that the enolase isozymes, alpha, beta, and gamma enolase, are such markers. In this study, four neuroblastomas, three ganglioneuroblastomas, five rhabdomyosarcomas, and six nephroblastoma tissue specimens or serum from patients with enolase were examined by enzyme immunoassay systems. . The results showed that all examined tumor tissues contained high α enolase levels (2,070 to 19,100 ng/mg protein); β and γ enolase were rhabdomyosarcoma (886±750 ng/mg protein) and