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1848——1849年的欧洲革命,是进一步扫清资本主义发展道路上的障碍,彻底完成过去资产阶級革命中还沒有完成的任务的革命。 1848年革命所处的历史特点是:这次革命是在资本主义发展較高阶段上开始的。这时,資产阶級与无产阶级的斗爭日益尖銳起来;资产阶级由于害怕人民群众,已經失去十七——十八世紀的革命性而趋向于反动;无产阶級成了这次革命中的主要力量。但是,无产阶级当时还不成熟,没有独立的阶级政党,因此,革命的领导权便落在资产阶級手中。正是由于资产阶级的背叛革命,造成了1848年革命的失敗。关于1848年革命,除了上述的一般历史特点之外,每一个国家由于资本主义发展水平和具体条件的不同,也还有各自的特点。
The European revolution of 1848-1849 is a revolution in further clearing the obstacles in the development of capitalism and thoroughly fulfilling the tasks that have not been accomplished in the bourgeois revolution in the past. The historic feature of the 1848 revolution is that this revolution started at a relatively high stage in the development of capitalism. At this time, the struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat has become increasingly acute; the bourgeoisie, which has lost its revolutionary nature in the 17th-18th centuries, has tended to be reactionary because of fear of the masses; and the proletariat has become the revolutionary major force. However, the proletariat was not yet mature and had no independent class party. Therefore, the leadership of the revolution fell into the hands of the bourgeoisie. It is precisely because of the revolutionary betrayal of the bourgeoisie that it caused the failure of the 1848 revolution. With regard to the 1848 revolution, in addition to the above general historical features, each country has its own characteristics due to the different levels of capitalist development and specific conditions.