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法国国营企业存在的最大问题是经营不善、亏损严重。1983年国营煤炭业和钢铁业分别亏损7.5亿法郎和100亿法郎。给亏损企业和补贴是法国财政的一大负担。1983年3月密特朗总统为了摆脱经济困境,实行经济调整和紧缩政策,并限令除3家国营企业之外的所有国营企业必须在1985以前转亏为盈。到1984年彻,大多数企业经营状况趋于好转,一些企业已开始盈利。他们主要采取了如下措施: 首先是政府对国营企业要实行简政放权的新政策。法国政府认识到继续对国营企业实行直接领导
The biggest problem with French state-owned enterprises is poor management and serious losses. In 1983, the state-owned coal industry and the steel industry lost a total of 750 million francs and 10 billion francs respectively. To loss-making enterprises and subsidies is a big burden on French finance. In March 1983, in order to get rid of economic difficulties, President Mitterrand implemented the policy of economic adjustment and austerity and ordered all state-owned enterprises, excluding the three state-owned enterprises, to turn losses into profits by 1985. By 1984, most of the business conditions tended to improve, and some companies started to make profits. They mainly adopted the following measures: First, the government should implement a new policy of simple and decentralization of power to state-owned enterprises. The French government recognizes that it will continue to exercise direct leadership over state-owned enterprises