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儿童失神癫痫是一类常见的原发全面性癫痫,表现为无抽搐性的阵发性意识丧失,以及3 Hz左右的头皮脑电全面慢波发放。应用同步记录头皮脑电与功能磁共振(simultaneous electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging,EEG-fMRI)技术,可以同时从血氧代谢和脑电生理角度对癫痫活动的空间特征进行观察。本研究采用EEG-fMRI技术对3例儿童失神癫痫进行研究,针对特征性的3 Hz失神癫痫波进行功率谱相关设计,发现双侧丘脑呈现出显著的激活信号,而双侧顶下小叶、后扣带回、前扣带回、角回、颞中回等默认网络区域呈现出显著的负激活。结果提示丘脑可能是失神性癫痫活动的起源区,而广泛的皮层功能抑制则可能是失神性癫痫意识丧失的神经病理生理基础。
Child absence epilepsy is a common class of primary generalized epilepsy characterized by unconspicuous paroxysmal loss of consciousness and full 3-Hz scalp EEG full-wave slow-release. Using synchronous electroencephalography-functional magnetic resonance imaging (EEG-fMRI), the spatial characteristics of epilepsy can be observed simultaneously from the perspective of blood oxygen metabolism and electroencephalography. In this study, EEG-fMRI technique was used to study three cases of absence of epilepsy in children. According to the power spectral correlation design of the characteristic 3 Hz absence of epilepsy, it was found that the bilateral thalamus showed a significant activation signal. However, Cingulate gyrus, anterior cingulate gyrus, angle gyrus, temporal gyrus and other default network regions showed significant negative activation. The results suggest that the thalamus may be the origin of dementia epilepsy activity, and a wide range of inhibition of cortical function may be the neuropathological basis of dementia loss of consciousness.