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基于云南丰富的稻作生境和多样的稻种资源,分析了稻瘟病(苗瘟、叶瘟、穗颈瘟)和白叶枯病综合抗病性及多样性在不同气候类型、各类稻区和气温中的差异表现,其主要结果有:稻抗病性多样性富聚程度与气候环境因素关系密切,其中温度对抗病性多样性影响较大;抗病性多样性指数从南亚热带→中亚热带→北亚热带→北热带→南温带→中温带→北温带逐渐减小,反之增大;气候带可分为多样性富聚区(南亚热带、中亚热带、北亚热带、北热带和南温带)和多样性低富聚区(中温带和北温带),其中南亚热带是抗病性多样性最为富集的气候带;温度是影响稻抗病性多样性主要因子,18±1℃是稻抗病性多样性富集程度变化的分度点,13.1~21.0℃之间为抗病性多样性的富聚区。此外,挖掘了24份值得研究利用的优异稻抗病资源。
Based on the abundant rice habitat and diversified rice resources in Yunnan, the comprehensive disease resistance and diversity of rice blast (blast, leaf blast, panicle blast) and bacterial blight were analyzed in different climate types, The main results are as follows: The diversity of rice disease resistance is closely related to climatic and environmental factors, of which temperature has a greater impact on the diversity of disease resistance; the diversity index of disease resistance from the south subtropical → The subtropical → north subtropical → north → south → mid-temperate → north temperate gradually decrease, and vice versa. The climatic zones can be divided into diverse and enriched zones (South Asia, Middle Asia, North Asia, North and South Temperatures ) And low diversity areas (temperate and temperate), of which the south subtropical zone is the climatic zone with the most abundant diversity of disease resistance; temperature is the main factor affecting the diversity of disease resistance in rice, and 18 ± 1 ℃ The degree of enrichment of disease-resistant diversity index points, 13.1 ~ 21.0 ℃ for the diversity of disease-resistant enrichment zone. In addition, we tapped 24 outstanding rice disease-resistant resources worthy of research and utilization.