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社会关系本质上是人与人之间交换的关系。人际交换的关系在形式上表现为契约的交换和非契约的交换,两者在交换的主体意义、交换内容的性质、交换的程序意义以及交换的公正性原则等方面存在差异。人类社会经历了从非契约交换到契约交换的历史演化,非契约交换是人类社会关系的开端,而契约交换则是社会关系发达的产物。在人类社会的进化过程中,法律因陌生人契约交换的需要而产生,并为陌生人的契约交换提供保证,从而法律与契约的交换形成了同构的关系。法律在将契约交换的关系纳入自己的领地时,也与非契约的交换关系发生了分离,这种分离导致了法律与非契约交换之间形成了张力。
Social relations are essentially relations between people. The relationship of interpersonal exchange is formally manifested in the exchange of contracts and non-contracts. Both of them have differences in the subject of exchange, the nature of exchange, the meaning of exchange and the principle of fairness of exchange. Human society has undergone a historical evolution from non-contractual to contractual exchange. Non-contractual exchange is the beginning of human social relations, while contractual exchange is the product of developed social relations. In the process of human society’s evolution, law arises from the need of exchange of strangers ’contracts and provides guarantee for the exchange of strangers’ contracts. As a result, the exchange of law and contract forms isomorphic relations. When the law incorporates the relationship of contractual exchange into its own territory, it also separates from the non-contractual exchange relationship, which leads to the tension between law and non-contractual exchange.